Massachusetts

• SPARCCommonwealth Fusion Systems · Fusion · MassachusettsCONSTRUCTION~2027

• Company equityPRIVATE · SPARCGoogle, Eni, pension and sovereign funds · company-wide, not in totals$1.0B2026-07

Company-wide raises are listed but not counted in totals.

• China's yttrium controls → fusion magnets and solid-oxide cells

  STEP 2/4 · AT RISK REBCO superconducting tapeHigh-temperature superconducting magnets use a rare-earth barium copper oxide layer.

Critical inputs

Rare earths (incl. yttrium)TungstenHeliumCopperBeryllium

Policy that applies

• DOE adds helium to the Critical Material ListIN EFFECT